Definitions
AB
Aberrometer A device that can identify common
and more obscure vision errors by measuring the
way light waves travel through the eye's optical
system.
Accommodation: 1. (biology) Eye's ability to
automatically change focus from seeing at one
distance to seeing at another. 2. (Education)  
are services or supports used to enable a
student to fully access the subject matter and
instruction.  Examples include books on tape,
content enhancements, and allowing additional
time to take a test.

Albinism: refers to a group of inherited
conditions. People with albinism have little or no
pigment in their eyes, skin, or hair.
Amblyopia: also called "lazy eye" it is when the
vision in one of the eyes is reduced because the
eye and the brain are not working together
properly. The eye itself looks normal, but it is
not being used normally because the brain is
favoring the other eye
Assistive Technology is technology designed to be
used in an assistive technology device or
assistive technology service. An assistive
technology device is any item, piece of
equipment, that is used to increase, maintain, or
improve functional capabilities of individuals with
disabilities. Examples include: Braille readers,
motorized wheelchairs, and specialized
keyboards.
Blindness: visual acuity of not greater than 20/200
in the better eye with correction or a field not
subtending an angle greater than 20 degrees.


C
Conjunctivitis: is redness & inflammation of the
membranes covering the whites of the eyes and on the
inner part of the eyelids.


D
Deaf-Blindness: simultaneous hearing and visual
impairments, the combination of which causes
such severe communication and other
developmental and educational needs that they
cannot be accommodated in special education
programs solely for children with deafness or
children with blindness.

Developmental Delay occurs when a child's
development progresses at a slower rate than
most children. This is often seen as a delayed
achievement of one or more of a child's
milestones. A developmental delay can affect a
child's physical development, cognitive
development, communication development, social
or emotional development, or adaptive
development.

EF
Extended School Year(ESY) refers to the special
education and related services which meet the state
standards that a student with disabilities receives
beyond the school year as stipulated in the IEP. These
services are provided at no charge to the family or
student.

FAPE stands for "free appropriate public education."
This right is guaranteed to students with disabilities
by IDEA. The provision states that special education
and related services, in accordance with the state's
standards, are provided free of charge under public
supervision and direction in compliance with the
student's IEP. It includes preschool, elementary
school, or secondary school education.

Floaters: floaters are those tiny spots and specks that
drift aimlessly around in your field of vision. While
annoying, ordinary eye floaters and spots are very
common and usually aren't cause for alarm.

G
Glaucoma:  to a group of eye conditions that lead to
damage to the optic nerve, the nerve that carries
visual information from the eye to the brain, due to
increased pressure in the eye.
H
Hypoplasia: underdevelopment of an organ or
tissue. When you child's eye report reads that
there is "optic nerve hypoplasia" it means that
nerve is not developed.


I J
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)
was first enacted in 1975 as the Education for all
Handicapped Children Act. It is a comprehensive law
that governs the education of students with
disabilities. The current version of the law was
amended in 2004 (referred to as IDEA '04 or PL 108-
446). For more information about the IDEA, go to the
U. S. Department of Education's IDEA web site at
http://idea.ed.gov/. This new site was created to
provide a one-stop shop for resources related to IDEA
and its implementing regulations.

Individualized Education Program (IEP) is a legal
document designed by a team of educators,
specialists, and the child's parent(s)/guardian(s) that
outlines the child's learning/behavioral goals and
objectives. This document must be updated at least
every 12 months; however, an IEP team meeting can
be called by any member of the team at anytime. The
IEP includes a description of the child's present level
of educational performance and identifies annual goals
and objectives along with methods for assessing
progress toward goals and objectives. In addition, the
IEP includes any necessary supports,
accommodations, adaptations, and/or related services.

Inclusion: when students with disabilities are
included in the general education classroom/program
to the extent possible. Any support services the
student needs will be provided in this setting.

KL
Least Restrictive Environment (LRE) refers to the
concept that children with disabilities should be
educated to the maximum extent possible with
children who are not disabled while meeting all their
learning needs and physical requirements. The type of
setting is stipulated in a child's IEP.

Legal Blindness: •Visual acuity of 20/200 or
worse in the better eye with corrective lenses
(20/200 means that a person at 20 feet from an
eye chart can see what a person with normal
vision can see at 200 feet);

M
N
OP
Ocular Albinism: Albinism involving the eyes.
Oculocutaneous albinism:Albinism  involving the
eyes, hair and skin.
Optic Neuritis: Inflammation of the optic nerve.
Optic Nerve:
Pink Eye (see Conjunctivitis)
Pupil:

QR
Retina:
Retinal Detachment: a separation of the retina
from its attachments to its underlying tissue
within the eye.

Retinoblastoma: a cancer of the eye which
occurs in infants and young children.
Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP):

S
Sclera
T

UV
Vitreous Detachment: The pulling or tearing away
from of the gel-like substance that helps the eye
maintain a round shape

W
XYZ
Pardon Me while I revamp this
page!
Ms. Kathy